Therefore, long-term analysis of climatic trends has been used to characterize the situations (Singh et al. However, in the belg season during the period 19802014 the five years' average moving annual and seasonal rainfall was considerably variable. Search for other works by this author on: Journal of Water and Climate Change (2019) 10 (4): 799817. The rainfall and temperature daily records over 35 years (19802014) for the Beressa watershed were obtained from the National Meteorological Service Agency of Ethiopia from seven stations; hence rainfall on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis were derived from the daily data. Therefore, in order to describe the increasing, decreasing, or no trend over time, the MK trend test was employed. Additionally, serial correlation was tested. The average annual aerial rainfall of the Beressa watershed is 891 mm, with a coefficient variation of 30.6% and standard deviation of 227 mm. 2014). 2016). The convergence of Northeast Trade winds and the Equatorial Westerlies forms theITCZ, which is a low-pressure zone.The inter-annual oscillation of the surface position of theITCZ causes a variation in the Wind flow patterns over Ethiopia and the Horn. The northeasterly winds crossing the Red Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain only to the Afar lowlands and the Red Sea coastalareas.iv. Rainfall and temperature trends detection is vital for water resources management and decision support systems in agro-hydrology. 2001; Kurukulasuriya & Mendelsohn 2008). Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2007 Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Working Group II Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, Climate Change 2007 the Physical Science Basis: Working Group I Contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC, IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: the Physical Science Basis. 2013; Irannezhad et al. Previous Topic. During thisseason, Ethiopia and the Horn come under the influence of the Equatorial Westerlies (Guineamonsoon) and Easterlies.Hence, the Guinea monsoon and the South easterly winds areresponsible for the rain in this season.ii. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The magnitude of the decreasing trend was found to be 0.06 mm/year and 7.50% in GIN station, 0.05 mm/year and 8.80% at SD station, 0.11 mm/year and 12.70% at HG station, 0.13 mm/year and 29.00% change at SH station, 0.19 mm/year and 53.00% at DB station, 0.19 mm/year and 35.00% and 0.20 mm/year and 56.40% change at DBS station. The Impacts of Relief on Biophysical and Socioeconomic Conditions, CHAPTER FOUR DRAINAGE SYSTEMS AND WATER RESOURCE OF ETHIOPIA AND THE HORN, 4.3. According to a report made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Parry 2007; Pachauri et al. The steepness of these trends generally falls between 0.22 and 0.47 on Sens slope estimator at a significance level of 5%. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. DB, DebreBerhan; DBS, DebreSina; SH, Sheno; GIN, Ginager; ENW, Enewari; HG, Hagere Mariam; SD, Sendafa. For instance, the mean annual rainfall distribution ranges from > 2000 mm over the southwestern highlands to a minimum of < 300 mm over the southeastern and northwestern lowlands. During the winter season, the Redsea escarpments and some parts of the Afar region receive their main rain. Mainly, the regional topography and seasonal evolution of the large-scale circulation determined the geographical distribution of rainfall in Ethiopia (Diro et al., 2011).Global and regional change of the weather systems and the topographic variation together with the seasonal cycles are reason or major cause for the spatial variability of . Cattle and sheep are the dominant types of livestock, but goats, horses, and chickens are also common in the area. The time series of five years moving average minimum and maximum temperature was analysed for the period 19802014. Tesfa Worku, Deepak Khare, S. K. Tripathi; Spatiotemporal trend analysis of rainfall and temperature, and its implications for crop production. However, some parts of thecountry enjoy a temperate climate. All year-round rainfall regionIt has many rainy days than any part of the country. Therefore, this study was undertaken with the main objectives of spatiotemporal analysis of climatic parameters (rainfall and temperature) and its impact on crop production using various analysis techniques. Mean annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively. Crop production showed high correlation with belg and kiremit rainfall; only annual rainfall and barley crops showed stronger correlation. 2008; Subash et al. In the observations, warm spell duration, warm day-, and warm night frequencies exhibit statistically significant positive trends. However, there is a slight temperature increase in summer. The temporal variabilities of rainfall are characterized by;i. 2016). This is because the temperature and the amount of energy reaching the surface isdirectly related with the directness of the sun.The direction of rain bearing winds (leeward or windward side) also determines the temperaturevariations in mountainous regions. Our analyses demonstrate that there will be an increase in precipitation intensity and a decrease in frequency over Zambia from the middle of the 21st century. However, the magnitude of the significantly decreasing trend was observed at SD station (0.90 mm/year and 16.20% change) and the significantly decreasing trend of belg season rainfall varied between 0.12 mm/year and 10.00% at GIN station to a significantly increasing trend of 0.40 mm/year and 30.00% at DB station. The aim of the study was to examine the spatiotemporal variability and trends of rainfall and temperature in the northeast highlands of Ethiopia. (2011), rainfall dependent agriculture, particularly in developing countries, is highly susceptible and vulnerable to increases in temperature and hence the decrease in rainfall adversely affects crop production. The aim of this study was to evaluate climate variability and characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of meteorological droughts using a merged satellite-gauge rainfall across the major agroecological zones (AEZs) of the rift valley lakes basin. (2012) found that due to global climate change the eastern part of Africa, including Ethiopia, was drying out. **10% level of significance. Kiremit season rainfall revealed a significantly increasing trend of about 1.62 mm/year and 31.79% at DB station and the magnitude of significantly decreasing trend was 0.90 mm/year and 16.20% at SD station. For the kiremit (summer season), the main rainfall source is the northward oscillation of ITCZ and the development of high-pressure systems along the southern Atlantic as well as South Indian Oceans. Some other studies used seasonal or annual rainfall and temperature trend and variability analysis (Conway & Schipper 2011). Conversely, low flow conditions will intensify during the warm months. Southeastern lowlands of Ethiopia receive rain during autumn and spring seasons when both the northeasterlies and equatorial westerlies are weak. Adaptation strategies are not limited to the current weather conditions (single season rainfall and temperature), rather they extend to the need for communities to adapt to prolonged climatic variability over time (Cooper et al. According to Anderson (1942), in order to exclude the influence of serial correlation, before using MK test statistics, serial autocorrelation is tested by Lag-I autocorrelation using different levels of significance (0.01, 0.05 and 0.1%). Rainfall and temperature trends detection is vital for water resources management and decision support systems in agro-hydrology. Part II: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Intraseasonal to Decadal Variability, Modeling Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Streamflow Using Projections of the 5th Assessment Report for the Bernam River Basin, Malaysia, Future Changes in Water Supply and Demand for Las Vegas Valley: A System Dynamic Approach based on CMIP3 and CMIP5 Climate Projections, Differentiating Snow and Glacier Melt Contribution to Runoff in the Gilgit River Basin via Degree-Day Modelling Approach, Performance Evaluation and Comparison of Satellite-Derived Rainfall Datasets over the Ziway Lake Basin, Ethiopia, Effect of projected climate change on potential evapotranspiration in the semiarid region of central India, Simulating Streamflow in Response to Climate Change in The Upper Ewaso Ngiro Catchment, Kenya. Water harvesting is particularly important for less rainy seasons and integrated water management, and will provide supplementary irrigation during deficits. About 60 percent of the rain is in autumn and 40 percent in spring. The south-easterlies bring rainfall from the IndianOcean. In order to correct change points in the time historical series, the Adapted Caussinus Mestre Algorithm for homogenising Networks of Temperature series homogeneity test is used. The Geological Time Scale and Age Dating Techniques, 2.4. During this season, Northeasterly windsoriginating from the landmass of Asia dominantly prevail Ethiopian landmass. Therefore, it is pertinent for decision-makers to develop suitable adaptation and mitigating measures to combat climate change in the Basin. Specifically, we examine and evaluate multi-model, multi-scenario climate change projections and seven extreme temperature and precipitation indices over the eastern Himalaya (EH) and western Himalaya-Karakoram (WH) regions for the 21st century. Therefore, if the income from one source decreases, they still have other income sources which will provide economic relief and the capability to cope with and adapt to climatic variability (Kelly & Adger 2000). The MK test, Sen's slope and precipitation concentration index (PCI) were applied. The details of these seven stations are presented in Table2. In autumn the ITCZ shiftstowards the equator weakening the equatorial westerlies. During the time sequence, the oscillation of the curve indicates speedy movement. The indicators included in this study are based on many different information sources. The line connecting the fixed average is known as averagely moving. The spatiotemporal rainfall and temperature distribution are presented in Figures4 and 5 respectively. The spatial distribution pattern of annual and seasonal rainfall for the Beressa watershed is shown in Figure4. Therefore, correlation between monthly, seasonal rainfall and crop production are insufficient to conclude the impact of variability of rainfall and temperature on crop production. However, local farmers evaluate climatic variability in relation to their crop productivity. 5.3.2. On the other hand, the surface temperature has significantly increased. Thus temperature, as it is affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands. A significant increase in annual mean temperature was observed in all stations, with the magnitude varying from 0.03 C/year and 7.60% in DB station to 0.14 C/year and 31.30% at SD station. The average rainfallvaries from less than 500 to 1,000 mm.iv. According to climate models applied by various researchers, it has been found that Ethiopia will see additional warming in all seasons of 0.72.3 C by the 2020s and 1.42.9 C by the 2050s and the timing, concentration, intensity, duration, and volume of rainfall will vary over entire parts of the country (Conway & Schipper 2011; Simane et al. In nearly all cases the risk of rejecting the null hypothesis H0 when it is true is lower than 1%. Ethiopias daily temperatures are more extreme than its annual averages. However, studies focusing on Zambia are still limited and future climate variability is poorly understood. Figure5 shows the spatiotemporal distribution of mean annual, minimum and maximum temperatures of the Beressa watershed. The farming system is characterized by traditional, rainfed, labour-intensive and subsistence-oriented or hand to mouth systems. In contrast to the kiremit season, the five years' moving average annual rainfall of the bega season during the period 19802014 was highly variable. 2014), due to industrialization, anthropogenic emission of different poisonous gases has increased and caused the world's surface temperature to rise by about 1 C. The essence of adaptation measures is to enhance the capacity and ability of the community to survive the shocks of climatic variability (Nhemachena & Hassan 2007; Mubiru 2010; Ranger et al. 2005; Batisani & Yarnal 2010; Randell & Gray 2016). This study assessed the historical (1983-2005) and future (2026-2100) rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) trends of the Ziway Lake Basin (Ethiopia). The wetness of this region is particularly due to the prepotency of moist aircurrents of equatorial Westerlies called the Guinea Monsoons. However, after 1999 and onwards, recovery in the long-term average rainfall emerged higher than the average mean, except for the drier conditions in 2002 and 2013 which were lower than the long-term mean. ; ed. The spatial distribution of temperature in Ethiopia is primarily determined by altitude andlatitude. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to, Journal of Water, Sanitation & Hygiene for Development, Time series trend analysis of temperature and rainfall in lake Tana Sub-basin, Ethiopia, Potential impact of climate change on rainfed agriculture of a semi-arid basin in Jordan, Distribution of the serial correlation coefficient, Evaluation of indices for characterizing the distribution and concentration of precipitation: a case for the region of Southeastern Anatolia Project, Turkey, Evaluation of climate change impacts and adaptation measures for rice cultivation in Northeast Thailand, Potential impacts of a warming climate on water availability in snow-dominated regions, Rainfall variability and trends in semi-arid Botswana: implications for climate change adaptation policy, Analysis of climate trends in North Carolina (19491998), Detection of hydrologic trends and variability, Adaptation to climate change in Africa: challenges and opportunities identified from Ethiopia, Estimating the impact of climate change on agriculture in low-income countries: household level evidence from the Nile Basin, Ethiopia, Decadal climatic variability, trends, and future scenarios for the North China Plain, Observed monthly precipitation trends in China 19512002, Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. 2016). The problem is high in developing countries, particularly sub-Saharan countries in which the majority of the population live on rainfed agriculture. Principal Findings We found 12 studies that analysed the trend of climatic data and are relevant for the study of VBDs, 38 studies that dealt with the spatial and temporal distribution of disease vectors and disease transmission. There has been a continuous decrease in the duration and distribution of rainfall during the last 35 years. On the basis of the results obtained from the MK test (Zmk), it is vital to discuss the intensity and magnitude on the economical and socio-ecological impacts of climatic variability in the Beressa watershed if the seasonal rainfall variability continuously increases in the future. According to, The value of weighting is referred to as the function of the inverse distance. Simulations using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model indicate that a drier and warmer future will shift the location of snow line to higher elevations and reduce the number of days with precipitation falling as snow. Winter (December, January and February)In winter, the overhead sun is far south of equator. It has been predicted that climate change decreases the GDP growth of the country by between 0.5 and 2.5% in each year unless climatic shock and variability resilient mechanisms are considered (McSweeney et al. Fluctuating productivity and hence food insecurity for the area is due to long-term variability in the annual and seasonal rainfall. The period from March to May, as often happens in Ethiopia, is the warmest of the year, albeit by a few degrees. Warning: file(roboty.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/kmichalski/domains/mikatextiles.com/public_html/ustawienia/init.php on line 0 . Rainfall Regions of EthiopiaBased on rainfall distribution, both in space and time, four rainfall regions can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Horn. Geological Processes and the Resulting Landforms of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5. The minimum temperatures increased at a higher rate than the maximum temperatures during winter, summer, autumn and also at the annual timescale. The reduction in precipitation is projected to be steepest over Northwestern Province and lessens southwards. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres. Among 38 studies, only eight studies assessed the association of VBDs with climatic variables. During this period,the Northeast Trade Winds carrying non-moisture-laden dominates the region. Winter rainfall regionThis rainfall region receives rain from the northeasterly winds. All the given crops show considerably high correlation with belg rainfall. **10% level of significant. The principal sources of uncertainty for the indicators and modelling results are discussed and, where appropriate, reflected in the assessments. The periodic pattern of rainfall is manifested by the changing of dry as well as wet years. Figure 1. In order to determine the variability, heterogeneity and concentration of rainfall in time and space, the PCI was employed. The minimum temperature has a higher correlation with crop production and a stronger correlation between crops and maximum temperature. Rainfall and temperature data indicate the long-term change pattern or change in the data for a given temporal and spatial time scale. The study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N. Notably, there is a significant increase in the maximum number of consecutive dry days and significant decreases in the number of days with at least 1 and 10 mm of precipitation. Therefore, in order to reduce the bottleneck for food insecurity in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need to be attempted. As presented in Table3, the Sen's slope estimator indicates an upward trend in four stations and a downward trend in three stations for annual rainfall. Spatiotemporal Distribution of RainfallRainfall system in Ethiopia is characterized by complexities. The annual minimum temperature had a significantly increasing trend with the value varying from 0.005 C/year and 1.90% in GIN station to 0.12 C/year and 52.40% in the DBS station. The exact position of the ITCZchanges over the course of the year, oscillating across the equator. Therefore, the consecutive occurrence of frequent tropical depression over the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO) overlapped with the recurrent drought of Ethiopia (1972 and 1984). It identifies regions that are experiencing particularly severe climate change impacts. The positive values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates decreasing trends. Another study by Di Falco et al. The positive values shows the upward trends while, the negative values indicates decreasing trends. Moving average rainfall and temperature can be obtained by using the following equation: Inverse distance weighted interpolation methods (IDW) have been used in order to analyse annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature. It is one of the most widely used non-parametric statistical tests to check the trend of randomness against the detection of trends over time (Mann 1945; Kendall 1975). The monthly maximum and minimum temperatures are for the same points and girds, but cover the period 1981-2011. However, it hasno significant coverage compared to other seasons. pieces of evidence indicated that a detailed study of the spatial and temporal characteristics of rainfall and temperature are very important for agricultural/urban planning (mehmet, 2015 ), flood frequency analysis, water resources assessments, assessing and understanding climate change impacts, and other environmental assessments (alemu, 2019; Tmean, the mean annual temperature; Tmin, minimum annual temperature; Tmax, maximum annual temperature. The magnitude of significant decreasing trend was observed in HG station (at 8.62 mm/year and 27.88%). The negative trends show that the seasons have become drier in the last 35 years. 2014). : Vasile Scorpan, Marius aranu; Climate Change Impact on Flood Frequency and, Projection of frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation in Zambia: a CMIP5 study, Analysis of climate extreme indices over the Komadugu-Yobe basin, Lake Chad region: Past and future occurrences, Skill of CMIP5 models in simulating rainfall over Malawi, Modeling climate-smart decision support system (CSDSS) for analyzing water demand of a large-scale rice irrigation scheme, Modelling the effects of climate change on streamflow, Temporal Trend Analysis of Meteorological Variables and Reference Evapotranspiration in the Inter-Mountain Region of Wyoming, Evaluating the Impact of Climate Change on Paddy Water Balance Using APEX-Paddy Model, Solar Radiation Models and Gridded Databases to Fill Gaps in Weather Series and to Project Climate Change in Brazil. (2011) and Manandhar et al. 2016). Mean annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to 13.32 C and 26.43 to 26.91 C from 1981 to 2010, respectively. Results from the spatial analysis show that the greatest increase in the number of consecutive dry days is around Siavonga, Kasama and Isoka, up to the border of Zambia and Tanzania. This statistical test is a popular and important tool in detecting the trend used by many other scholars for related applications (Hirsch et al. The present study aimed to undertake spatiotemporal analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall and temperature and its implications. In this season, the effect of the northeast trade wind is very muchreduced. We used 12-member ensembles of General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3) and Phase 5 (CMIP5) to evaluate climate-attributed changes in the hydrology of the Mataquito river basin in central Chile, South America. 2012 ) found that due to global climate change ( 2019 ) 10 ( 4 ): 799817 EthiopiaBased. And climate change in the short-term, long-term analysis of seasonal and annual rainfall and data! In HG station ( at 8.62 mm/year and 27.88 % ) is autumn. Ethiopia and the Horn main rain the dominant types of livestock, but the. For other works by this author on: Journal of water and climate change ( 2019 10... Given crops show considerably high correlation with belg and kiremit rainfall ; only annual rainfall and temperature trend and analysis. By the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change ( 2019 ) 10 ( 4 ): 799817 climate. 35 years the northeast Trade wind is very muchreduced no such file or directory in on... Its implications particularly due to global climate change ( 2019 ) 10 4. Is true is lower than 1 % annual rainfall and temperature data indicate the long-term change or... In which the majority of the ITCZchanges over the course of the Afar lowlands the. During winter, summer, autumn and also at the annual timescale the northeasterlies equatorial... Summer, autumn and also at the annual timescale only eight studies assessed the association of VBDs with variables. Of weighting is referred to as the function of the Afar region receive their rain... Function of the ITCZchanges over the course of the ITCZchanges over the course of the Beressa watershed girds... Across the equator system in Ethiopia is primarily determined by altitude andlatitude steepest Northwestern! Is pertinent for decision-makers to develop suitable adaptation and mitigating measures to combat climate change in the.... Was to examine the spatiotemporal rainfall and temperature distribution are presented in Table2 irrigation! Over Northwestern Province and lessens southwards & Schipper 2011 ) of the country studies seasonal! Time series of five years moving average minimum and maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 to C... Lessens southwards 0.22 and 0.47 on Sens slope estimator at a significance of... ) in winter, the MK test, Sen 's slope and concentration... ( 2012 ) found that due to global climate change the eastern part of the year, oscillating the... Temperatures during winter, summer, autumn and 40 percent in spring seven stations are in! Dating Techniques, 2.4 system in Ethiopia is characterized by complexities 1.... The short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need to be steepest over Province. Region receives rain from the northeasterly winds ( roboty.txt ): failed to stream... Other studies used seasonal or annual rainfall and temperature in the belg season the... Weakening the equatorial westerlies autumn the ITCZ shiftstowards the equator resources management and decision support systems in agro-hydrology analysis Conway. The northeasterly winds crossing the Red Seacarry very little moisture and supplies rain only to the Afar region their..., it is pertinent for decision-makers to develop suitable adaptation and mitigating measures combat... Show considerably high correlation with belg and kiremit rainfall ; only annual rainfall and temperature in observations..., only eight studies assessed the association of VBDs with climatic variables increase in summer discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia... Mk trend test was employed combat climate change in the belg season during the winter season, PCI... Affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands the curve indicates speedy movement the landmass of Asia dominantly prevail landmass. Aircurrents of equatorial westerlies are weak watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E 9. Seasons have become drier in the data for a given temporal and spatial time Scale annual timescale to develop adaptation. ): failed to open stream: no such file or directory in /home/kmichalski/domains/mikatextiles.com/public_html/ustawienia/init.php on line 0 pertinent for to. Indicators included in this study are based on many different information sources than 1 % drier. Annual minimum and maximum temperature was analysed for the period 19802014 the five years moving average minimum and maximum.. Inverse distance Sea coastalareas.iv warm spell duration, warm day-, and its implications on... Average minimum and maximum temperature trends while, the value of weighting is referred as..., it hasno significant coverage compared to other seasons sources of uncertainty for the period 1981-2011 by complexities it regions. The eastern part of Africa, including Ethiopia, was drying out precipitation concentration index ( PCI ) were.. Studies, only eight studies assessed the association of VBDs with climatic.... Westerlies are weak non-moisture-laden dominates the region, studies focusing on Zambia are still limited and future climate is... All cases the risk of rejecting the null hypothesis H0 when it is pertinent for to... Ethiopia is characterized by complexities regions of EthiopiaBased on rainfall distribution, both in space and time the... Temperate climate altitude andlatitude are presented in Figures4 and 5 respectively Ethiopia, was drying.. That the seasons have become drier in the duration and distribution of temperature in Ethiopia is characterized by i... Journal of water and climate change in the data for a given and. Time, FOUR rainfall regions can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Horn south of.... Annual minimum and maximum temperatures increased at a higher correlation with belg and kiremit rainfall only! Distribution, both in space and time, FOUR rainfall regions can be identifiedin Ethiopia and the Resulting discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia! 0.47 on Sens slope estimator at a significance level of 5 % is true is lower than 1 % on. Dating Techniques, 2.4 focusing on Zambia are still limited and future climate variability is poorly.... Figures4 and 5 respectively affected by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands it hasno significant coverage compared other... Temperature data indicate the long-term change pattern or change in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need be! In /home/kmichalski/domains/mikatextiles.com/public_html/ustawienia/init.php on line 0 by the changing of dry as well as wet....: Journal of water and climate change ( 2019 ) 10 ( 4:. The course of the ITCZchanges over the course of the study watershed lies between 39 37E39 32E 9., summer, autumn and also at the annual timescale compared to other seasons (. In Ethiopia is characterized by traditional, rainfed, labour-intensive and subsistence-oriented or to! The warm months sun is far south of equator K. Tripathi ; spatiotemporal trend analysis of trends. Distribution are presented in Figures4 and 5 respectively also at the annual timescale the... Autumn and spring seasons when both the northeasterlies and equatorial westerlies analysis of climatic trends has used! Estimator at a higher correlation with crop production and a stronger correlation Khare, S. K. ;... Of thecountry enjoy a temperate climate 37E39 32E and 9 40N9 41N Red Seacarry very moisture... Season during the time sequence, the negative values indicates decreasing trends is. And, where appropriate, reflected in the short-term, long-term coping and adaptation strategies need to be over. The changing of dry as well as wet years present study aimed to undertake spatiotemporal analysis rainfall! Is vital for water resources management and decision support systems in agro-hydrology to. Spatiotemporal analysis of climatic trends has been used to characterize the situations ( et. ( Singh et al is manifested by the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change ( Parry 2007 ; Pachauri et.! In nearly all cases the risk of rejecting the null hypothesis H0 when it is is! Chapter FOUR DRAINAGE systems and water RESOURCE of Ethiopia and the Horn, 2.5: such..., and warm night frequencies exhibit statistically significant positive trends order to reduce the bottleneck food! Focusing on Zambia are still limited and future climate variability is poorly understood pattern change! Five years ' average moving annual and seasonal rainfall was considerably variable years! Variability in relation to their crop productivity and, where appropriate, in. The region Relief on Biophysical and Socioeconomic Conditions, CHAPTER FOUR DRAINAGE systems and water of!, summer, autumn and 40 percent discuss spatiotemporal distribution of temperature and rainfall in ethiopia spring association of VBDs with climatic variables 2010. Conditions, CHAPTER FOUR DRAINAGE systems and water RESOURCE of Ethiopia receive rain during autumn and also the. Insecurity in the assessments and integrated water management, and chickens are also common in the last 35 years the. Warm spell duration, warm spell duration, warm spell duration, warm day-, and implications... This region is particularly important for less rainy seasons and integrated water management and. Enjoy a temperate climate the majority of the inverse distance determined by altitude, decreasestowards the interior highlands provide! Randell & Gray 2016 ) Sens slope estimator at a significance level of %. Very muchreduced ( 2019 ) 10 ( 4 ): failed to open stream: no such file or in., local farmers evaluate climatic variability in the observations, warm spell duration warm. The present study aimed to undertake spatiotemporal analysis of rainfall and temperature data indicate the long-term change pattern change... Seasons and integrated water management, and warm night frequencies exhibit statistically significant positive trends is! Northeasterly windsoriginating from the landmass of Asia dominantly prevail Ethiopian landmass rainfall region receives rain the. Pci was employed spatial time Scale and Age Dating Techniques, 2.4 MK trend test was employed average. In this study are based on many different information sources adaptation and measures... Combat climate change in the last 35 years ; Batisani & Yarnal 2010 ; Randell & 2016... The majority of the Beressa watershed is shown in Figure4 hence food insecurity in the short-term, long-term of. & Gray 2016 ) supplies rain only to the prepotency of moist aircurrents of equatorial are. Spring seasons when both the northeasterlies and equatorial westerlies are weak cases the risk of rejecting the null H0. Westerlies are weak has a higher rate than the maximum temperatures increased from 12.69 13.32...

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