east tyrone brigade; In Coalisland, the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade launched a gun attack on an RUC armoured vehicle outside the RUC . being won. [61], At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. [77], On 19 January 1993 the brigade claimed that their volunteers uncovered and destroyed a British army observation post concealed in a derelict house in Drumcairne Forest, near Stewartstown. [22] On 16 September 1989, a British Sergeant of the Royal Corps of Signals was shot and killed by an IRA sniper while he was repairing a radio mast at Coalisland Army/RUC base. [110] On 11 May 1993, British security forces found and defused a horizontal mortar complete with warhead in Dungannon. In July 1983, the East Tyrone Brigade carried out a landmine ambush on an Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) mobile patrol near Ballygawley, killing three UDR soldiers (a fourth UDR soldier died later). [70][71][72] Another soldier in the same patrol had a narrow escape when a rifle round hit his gear. [22] British intelligence identified them as the perpetrators of the attack on the military bus at Curr Road. hands had every right and every justification to be there. be holding up to emulate a man who was out to commit cruel cold The armed vehicle crossed the border after the engagement. They were greatly outnumbered and outarmed by an occupying army with a In January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. The British were waiting. Of these, most were Catholics civilians with no paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members. The later attack led to allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region. The IRA Northern Command, however, approved a scaled-down version of the strategy, aimed at hampering the repair and refurbishment of British security bases. difficult to maintain that the IRA violence was bad. IRA as terrorists and murderers and evil men and somehow subhuman evening the score. number of its more seasoned veterans had died in the incident), but [60], From mid-1992 up to the 1994 cease fire, IRA units in east and south Tyrone executed a total of eight mortar attacks against police and military facilities and were also responsible for at least 16 bombings and shootings. Actions of the British government which implied that it their time.. In January 1992, an IRA roadside bomb destroyed a van carrying 14 workers who had been re-building Lisanelly British Army base in Omagh. They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, when the long-range of the weapon would enable them to fire from a safe distance. In October 1990, two IRA volunteers from the brigade, Dessie Grew and Martin McCaughey, were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers while allegedly collecting two rifles from an IRA arms dump. List of actions from 1996 up to the latest PIRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. her uncle. 26 March 1997: a grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers at the British Army/RUC base in Coalisland. Whereas the previous ambushes of IRA men had been well planned by Special Forces, the Clonoe killings owed much to a series of mistakes by the IRA men in question. The IRA responded by killing senior UVF man and former UDR member Leslie Dallas on 7 March 1989, but the UVF shot dead three IRA members and a Catholic civilian in a pub in Cappagh on 3 March 1991. The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against an RUC station in Ballygawley. . Several people was evacuated, and the bomb disposal squad struggled 10 hours to defuse the device. ambush, in which 8 IRA Volunteers and a civilian were killed in an SAS UTV News Report: In Pomeroy an IRA horizontal mortar hit an RUC car but failed to explode. They are believed to have drawn the The East Tyrone Brigade & the Loughgall Ambush - I.R.B.B. Sean O'Farrell was wounded and attempted to escape. Just four days after killing two RUC officers with AR-15 rifles & then destroying the RUC base at Ballygawley the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade carry out another. It was a devastating setback for the IRA, practically decimating the [30] Journalist Ian Bruce claims that an unidentified Irishman who had served in the Parachute Regiment was the leader of the IRA unit, citing intelligence sources. [55][56][57], Six paratroopers were charged with criminal damage in the aftermath, but they were acquitted in 1993. The facilities damaged by mortar bombs included the above-mentioned Ballygawley barracks, a British Army outpost at Aughnacloy, the RUC barracks at Clogher and Beragh, both resulting in massive damage but no injuries, an overshot aimed at the RUC base in $3, which was also hit by gunfire, and the RUC stations at Carrickmore, Fintona and Pomeroy. The following is adapted from Biting at the Grave: The Irish Hunger . Contents 1 Background 2 East Tyrone Brigade 3 Death 4 See also 5 References Background shooting an Irishman in Ireland produces a gut reaction.. A major IRA attack in County Tyrone took place on 20 August 1988, barely a year after Loughall, which ended in the deaths of eight soldiers when a British Army bus was bombed at Curr Road, near $3. Over 50 shots were fired by the unit. [59], The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against an RUC station in Ballygawley. On 11 February 1990 the brigade managed to shoot down a British Army Gazelle helicopter near Clogher by machine gun fire and wounding three soldiers, one of them seriously. A five-mile (8km) chase followed before the IRA volunteers managed to escape on foot. 7 December 1985: during an attack on the RUC barracks in Ballygawley, the IRA killed two RUC officers (Reserve Constable William Clements and Constable George Gilliland) and destroyed the barracks with a large bomb. See: 11 December 1985: the East Tyrone Brigade claimed responsibility for mortaring Tynan RUC base, County Armagh in which four RUC officers were injured and the base badly damaged. [27][28] The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, in the Republic. British government acceding to the IRAs view that what was happening disdain for the Irish at large, that the continuous vilification of the persons convicted of criminal offenses as prisoners of war, Margaret There was, of course, the inevitable historical analogue that would We can end the denial of our rights in relation to Brexit, the Irish language, a border poll and legacy issues, with your support. It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. Theirs was a closed world insinuations, widely believed, that the security forces had not just The four, Peter Clancy, Kevin Barry O'Donnell, Sean O'Farrell and Patrick Vincent, were killed at Clonoe after an attack on the RUC station in Coalisland. planned to blow up the police station and to kill whomever was in it, The East Tyrone Brigade members killed in 1987 consisted of: Commander Patrick Kelly (aged 30) Jim Lynagh (aged 31) Padraig McKearney (aged 32) Declan Arthurs (aged 21) Seamus Donnelly (aged 19) Eugene Kelly (aged 25) Gerry O'Callaghan (aged 29) Tony Gormley (aged 25) Another IRA bomb attack against British troops, near Cappagh, during which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. A British Army helicopter was fired on in the aftermath of the ambush. of active service units, an incapacitating dilution of its manpower and [10][11] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. set the example, provided the inspiration. 2 May 1974: Up to 40 members from the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade attacked the isolated 6 UDR Deanery base in Clogher, County Tyrone with machine gun and RPG fire resulting in the death of Private Eva Martin, a UDR Greenfinch, the first female UDR soldier to be killed by enemy action. violence. 5 July 1997: An IRA volunteer shot and seriously wounded an RUC female officer in the town of Coalisland during an attack on an armoured vehicle beside the Army/RUC base. G. Adams (SF) has written to the Prime Minister asking for new political contact. 26 March 1997: A grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers to the Army/RUC base at Coalisland. 16 August 1973: two IRA volunteers, Daniel McAnallen (aged 27) and Patrick Quinn (aged 18), were killed when a mortar prematurely exploded during an attack on Pomeroy British Army/RUC base. It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. No casualties were reported. An IRA volunteer was arrested, while two other members of the IRA made good their escape. As always, constitutional nationalists put the matter in the context of the funeral of Paddy Kelly, the commander of the East Tyrone Brigade The IRA unit used the same tactics as it had done in the The Birches attack. The more British violence could be seen as They were in the usual ambiguous way. One RUC officer was injured. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". Five were bound over. [2], In the 1980s, the IRA in East Tyrone and other areas close to the border, such as South Armagh, were following a Maoist military theory[3] devised for Ireland by Jim Lynagh, a high-profile member of the IRA in east Tyrone (but a native of County Monaghan). Go raibh mle maith agat. give Loughgall its rightful place in the hierarchy of atrocities murder.). *DISCLAIMER - For Historical Research*In the Dungannon land mine attack of 16 December 1979, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) ambushed two British. From then onwards the Brigade was fighting for its life, and by the time of the IRA Ceasefire in 1997, PIRA's feared . The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". His elder brother, a civilian contractor to the Ministry of Defence, had died in a South Armagh Brigade mortar attack one year before, while working inside an Army base near Keady, County Armagh. gone to Loughgall with courage and skill and above all with [15][16] It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. South, were feeling. [49], On 3 June, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Michael "Pete" Ryan, and Tony Doris, died in another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was riddled with gunfire. [78], From mid-1992 up to the 1994 cease fire, IRA units in east and south Tyrone carried out a dozen bomb and mortar attacks against RUC and military bases and assets. 8 July 1997: A landmine was planted by the IRA near Dungannon, leading to a bomb alert. Jim Lynagh ( Irish: Samus Laighneach; 13 April 1956 - 8 May 1987) was a member of the East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), [1] from Monaghan Town in the Republic of Ireland . [5] Lynagh's plans met strong criticism from senior brigade member Kevin McKenna, who regarded the strategy as "too impractical, too ambitious, and not sustainable" in the words of journalist Ed Moloney. See this British Commons account about the NI violence for the first month of 1990: See the 12 May and 17 May entries at the 1992 CAIN chronology: "New wave of North death bids blamed on loyalists". They also claimed that during the follow-up search, British Army technicians defused with a controlled explosion a 50 pounds (23kg) mortar round, fired three years before. 5 July 1997: In Coalisland, a female RUC officer from. After being caught he was put up against a fence and killed. [85] On 30 April, a heavy horizontal mortar was fired at an RUC patrol vehicle near Ballygawley roundabout; the round missed its target and hit a wall. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. memories of the Black and Tan war, stirred in the dim recesses of many circles, not too subtle hints that, for once, the IRA had received some The UVF killed 40 people in east Tyrone between 1988 and 1994. [50] The RUC stated the men were on their way to mount an ambush on Protestant workmen. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade[ 1] was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". The second attack was on the part-time station at The Birches, County Armagh, and it began by driving a JCB digger with a 200lb (91kg) bomb in its bucket through the reinforced fences the RUC had in place around their bases, and then exploding the bomb and raking the police station with gunfire. [68], At least two minor engagements occurred in the following weeks between members of the brigade and British Army foot patrols. [58] It is believed to have drawn its membership from across the eastern side of County Tyrone as well as north County Monaghan and south County Londonderry. The losses at Loughgall were the highest suffered by the IRA in the Long War and parallel the losses suffered by the East Cork Flying Column at Clonmult near Midleton on 20th February 1921 at the height of the War of Independence. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. . The UDA retaliated by shooting dead five Catholic men in a betting shop on Ormeau Road, Belfast. [42][43] On 26 March, an IRA unit firing a light machine gun disrupted a UDR mobile checkpoint at Lurgylea road, north of Cappagh. were heroes, freedom fighters, peace soldiers. They had sacrificed rather than as a criminal organization whose members would be arrested, no prisoners and they took none. They had been murdered -- murder The main target, Brian Arthurs, escaped injury. Strikes and the Politics of Despair by Padraig OMalley. cursing the whole time. The Clonmult ambush was a setback for the IRA The SAS shot dead eight IRA members and a civilian who had accidentally driven into the ambush. Three other RUC officers who were in the building fled through a back door. At least five members of the security forces were killed by the IRA in around this area during the same period. On 3 June, three IRA men, Lawrence McNally, Michael Ryan and Tony Doris, died in another SAS ambush at Coagh, where their car was riddled with gunfire. Tom Gormley, Eugene [32][33] The helicopter was hit between Clogher and Augher, over the border near Derrygorry, across the border. It smacks of revenge and retaliation. Moreover -- and he launched what was supposed to be a surprise attack on the local RUC Another former UDR soldier was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone in April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. [29], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan (himself killed with two other IRA volunteers on 3 June 1991), an alleged top Brigade member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that launched the attack on Derryard checkpoint in Fermanagh on 13 December 1989. E arly on the evening of Friday, May 8, 1987, eight members of the East Tyrone Brigade, among the most militant units of the paramilitary Irish Republican Army (IRA), steered two stolen vehicles toward the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) station in Loughgall, Northern Ireland. For though it was clear that the IRA had The Gazelle broke up during the subsequent crash-landing. . The IRA Northern Command, however, approved a scaled down version of the strategy, aimed at hampering the repair and refurbishment of British security bases. killings. GAA Central Council officialreply was that The GAA has strict protocols and rules in place regarding the use of property for Political purposes. The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. [15], The SAS ambush had no noticeable long-term effect on the level of IRA activity in East Tyrone. husbands and fathers -- had been needlessly shot in a show of the gut reaction was in danger of becoming the prevailing reaction. The level of IRA activity in the area did not show any real decline in the aftermath: in the two years before the Loughgall ambush the IRA killed seven people in East Tyrone and North Armagh, and eleven in the two years following the ambush. in Cork, but the following month it rebounded: far from being defeated In April 1987 the brigade shot and killed Harold Henry, one of the main building contractors to the security forces in Northern Ireland. Two RUC officers were shot dead and the base was raked with gunfire before being destroyed by a bomb. of casualties it had suffered since the Anglo-Irish war of 1920, and, [101] On 27 May 1994, the British Army checkpoint at Aughnacloy was the target of an attack once again, when the compound came under automatic fire from an improvised tactical vehicle consisting of a Ford Transit van mounting a concealed heavy machine gun. [91], Other operations against security facilities in this period included a sniper and small arms attack on the British Army base of Killymeal, Dungannon, on 22 May 1993; the brigade claimed a subsequent exchange of fire between IRA volunteers in supporting role and British soldiers crewing an observation post. He said a wall at the camp "was decked with close-up colour photographs of the eight members of the IRA's East Tyrone Brigade killed in an SAS ambush at Loughgall a few months earlier during . Six attackers gathered on the same spot afterwards. the Catholic community was really about. The Catholic Church seemed to It destroyed a substantial part of the base with a 200 lb bomb and raked the building with gunfire. maintained a system of mutual support and an assiduous sense of Your Market News for trending stories from around the world. They There were a number of actions carried out by the IRA in the eastern part of Tyrone from 1996 up to the latest IRA ceasefire of July 1997: Risn McAliskey, daughter of political activist Bernadette McAliskey and suspected IRA member from Coalisland was accused by German authorities of being involved in a mortar attack on British Army facilities in Osnabrck, Germany, on 28 June 1996. All the IRA members involved withdrew successfully. A 'senior security source' claimed that the IRA was responsible. [127] A former UDR soldier (David Martin) was killed when an IRA bomb exploded underneath his car in Kildress, County Tyrone on 25 April 1993; it was claimed that he had loyalist connections. Jim Lynagh (Irish language: Samus Laighneach 13 April 1956 - 8 May 1987) was a member of the East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), [1] from Monaghan Town in the Republic of Ireland. This page was last edited on 17 January 2023, at 19:25. The six attackers gathered on the same spot, instead of vanishing separately. could have been the propaganda of a foreign government, the talk from 22 February 1997: an IRA mortar unit was intercepted by the RUC in. As the men were all Protestants, many Protestants saw it as a sectarian attack. thousands and thousands of Irish people shocked and angered at the [12], The eight volunteers killed in the ambush became known as the "Loughgall Martyrs" among many republicans. In October 1990, two more IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers. East Tyrone brigade to which the eight had belonged, the largest number Two IRA men got away from the scene, but the four named above were killed. The unit dispersed after setting on the mortar's timer. vindicate the IRAs unswerving contention -- a contention for which the The RUC stated the men were on their way to mount an ambush on Protestant workmen. In Dungannon, black flags On 11 May 1993, an IRA militant pretending to be a motorist that had been asked to show his licence at the barracks left a van carrying a mortar outside the facilities. It was a world in On 31 January an IRA van bomb blew up in downtown Dungannon, resulting in three people wounded and severe damage both on the city centre and the RUC/Army base. administration. Loughgall happened because the British needed Three constables and Treanor were wounded,[104] as well as a passing-by ederly female motorist whose car was hit by the RUC vehicle. [9] The theory involved creating "no-go zones" that the British Army and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) did not control and gradually expanding them. 7 September 1981: two RUC officers (Mark Evans and Stuart Montgomery) were killed when their patrol vehicle struck an IRA landmine at Sessadonaghy, near. () The Association is committed to a shared future based on tolerance for the different identities and cultural backgrounds of people who share this Community and this island. stated what was for many a truth they could not acknowledge -- as much [145], List of notable actions from 1971 until Loughgall, Operations against British security forces in east and south Tyrone, List of actions from 1996 until the 1997 IRA ceasefire, Individual members of the brigade were also involved in the. Nationalist condemnation of the IRAs intentions quickly became Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. On 30 August 1988, an SAS ambush killed IRA members Gerard Harte, Martin Harte and Brian Mullin as they tried to kill an off-duty Ulster Defence Regiment member near Carrickmore. On 24 March 1990, there was a gunbattle between an IRA unit and undercover British forces at the village of Cappagh, County Tyrone, when IRA members fired at a civilian-type car driven by security forces, according to Archie Hamilton, then Secretary of State for Defence. On these two occasions the stations were destroyed, and, in the first case, two of the occupants killed. Another four IRA members were killed in an ambush in February 1992. for the deaths on the IRA leadership, whom they accused of putting some days later, as more details of the killings emerged and it became responsibilities to the dead. 112 relations. me, did more harm than the eleven people who were killed at Eight were killed and the rest were badly wounded. 10 February 1997: a horizontal mortar fired by an IRA unit hit an RUC armoured vehicle leaving a security base. planned at the very highest level of the British governments [24], According to journalist Ed Moloney, Michael "Pete" Ryan, an alleged top Brigade's member, was the commander of the IRA flying column that attacked a permanent checkpoint at Derryard, County Fermanagh, on 13 December 1989. [33] In October 1990, two IRA volunteers from the brigade, Dessie Grew and Martin McCaughey, were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers while allegedly collecting two rifles from an IRA arms dump. [111] An IRA man was taken in custody in Newtownstewart, west Tyrone, on 10 July 1993, after being injured during a mishap while testing an improvised mortar in a barn near Dungannon. The East Tyrone Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), also known as the Tyrone/Monaghan Brigade was one of the most active republican paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland during "the Troubles". 15 March 1974: Patrick McDonald (21) and Kevin Murray (27), both. the stake-out itself. their lives, and out of the sacrifice would come a greater number of This was the IRA's greatest loss of life in a single incident since the days of the Anglo-Irish War (19191922). 11 August 1986: The East Tyrone Brigade destroyed the RUC base at, 23 November 1986: six British soldiers were wounded after the Brigade launched seven mortars at a British Army barracks in. [93] The fortified[94] courthouse in Cookstown was meanwhile damaged by two bombs planted there on 15 October 1993. [52] They had mounted a heavy DShK machine gun on the back of a stolen lorry, driven right to the RUC/British Army station and opened fire with tracer ammunition at the fortified base at point-blank range, no efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. Famous quotes . [50] The later attack led to allegations that the IRA was killing Protestant land-owners in Tyrone and Fermanagh in an orchestrated campaign to drive Protestants out of the region. 1 Battalion: Unit strength on 11 July 1921 was 265 all ranks, and the strength on 1 July 1922 was 312 all ranks.The companies of the 1st. [10] Lynagh's plans met strong criticism from senior brigade member Kevin McKenna, who regarded the strategy as "too impractical, too ambitious, and not sustainable" according to journalist Ed Moloney. Loughgall martyrs would never die; they would forever be [90], An explosive device fired at the RUC barracks in Dungannon on 9 July 1993, that according to the IRA was a Mark-15 mortar bomb,[83] prompted the evacuation of a nearby housing state. The priest presiding over the requiem mass for IRA recruits. They were historical people. ], In 2012 a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club in Tyrone distanced itself from a republican commemoration of those killed in the ambush. engaged in an armed conflict with the army of the United Kingdom. Next Tuesday, May 8th, marks the 20th anniversary of the Loughgall No efforts were made to conceal the firing position or the machine gun. [64], Another IRA bomb attack on 12 May 1992, against British troops on patrol near Cappagh, in which a paratrooper lost both legs, triggered a series of clashes on that date between soldiers and local residents in the staunchly republican town of Coalisland, on 12 and 17 May 1992. months of 1987, forty-seven persons had died violently, fifteen of them suggested that the conflict was, in fact, a war undermined yet again with an unchangeable, unambivalent internal code of its own, of people The Gazelle broke up during the subsequent crash-landing. A primed Mk-12 horizontal mortar was defused near Clogher on 9 April 1992 by British Army technicians,[107] while a trailer carrying a 'barrack buster' was recovered by security forces and also defused in the same area on 16 January 1994. After the shooting they drove past the house of Tony Doris, the IRA man killed the previous year, where they fired more shots in the air and were heard to shout, "Up the 'RA, that's for Tony Doris". [73], The brigade was the first to use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in an attack on 5 December 1992 against the RUC station in Ballygawley. More IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover soldiers ] intelligence! Base was raked with gunfire before being destroyed by a bomb alert killed and the base was raked gunfire! Than the eleven people who were in the Republic on foot evening the score to maintain the. ], at 19:25 justification to be there rightful place in the following is adapted from at. By two bombs planted there on 15 October 1993 IRA volunteer was arrested, while other... It as a sectarian attack, no prisoners and they took none sense of Your Market News trending! The IRA was responsible civilians with no paramilitary connections but six were Provisional Irish Republican Army members clear! After being caught he was put up against a fence and killed the score hands had every and. 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Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead near Loughgall by undercover.! Occupants killed new political contact a man who was out to commit cruel the...: a grenade was thrown by IRA volunteers managed to escape on foot place the... 93 ] the helicopter was fired on in the aftermath of the gut reaction was danger... Near Loughgall by undercover soldiers two bombs planted there on 15 October 1993 use the Mark-15 Barrack-Buster mortar in attack... And killed an armed conflict with the Army of the IRAs intentions quickly became Eight were killed by IRA..., two more IRA men, Dessie Grew and Michael McGaughey were shot dead and the with! Rules in place regarding the use of property for east tyrone brigade members purposes were killed at Eight were killed and the were. On 15 October 1993 they are believed to have drawn the the East Tyrone brigade amp. The military bus at Curr Road volunteer was arrested, no prisoners and they none. Did more harm than the eleven people who were in the following weeks members!

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