Following the patenting of the cotton gin (in 1793), the War of 1812, and the defeat and expulsion of the Creek Nation in the 1810s, European-American settlement in Alabama was intensified, as was the presence of slavery on newly established plantations in the territory. This transcription includes 68 slaveholders who held 27 or more slaves in Clarke County, accounting for 3,190 slaves, or about 43% of the County total. Smith said the truck belonged to a Grove Hill man, 41-year-old Richard Stephen Gilpin. Your email address will not be published. PLEASE HELP! Using plantation 18, The Fugitive Slave Law, and its Victims, Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society, Marriage Records Index Colored Wilcox County, The History of Butler County, Alabama, from 1815 to 1885, A history of Bullock County, Alabama, 1866-1906, 1859-60 City Directory of Montgomery Alabama, Bethel Baptist Cemetery Records, Jones, Alabama, Online African American Books at AccessGenealogy. S. & 2 others, 74 Slaves, Page 238B, LOCKHART, James P., 49 H. B., 44 Slaves, Page 230, MALONE, J. H., Athens Ala., 65 Slaves, Page 260B, MAPLES, Malcolm G.?, 75 Slaves, Page 273B, MARTINDALE, Elizabeth, 40 Slaves, Page 265, MASON, John R., A. M. Weatherford for, 134 Slaves, Page 275, MATHEWS, L., Madison City Ala., 62 Slaves, Page 258, MATHEWS, L.?, Madison City Ala., 98 Slaves, Page 259B, MEMPHIS & CHARLESTON R. R., owners various & unknown, 36 Slaves, Page 240, MOORE, S. H., Charles H. Patton in trust for, 112 Slaves, Page 246, PEEBLES, R. B., in trust for 2 minors, 80 Slaves, Page 250B, PEETE, Samueal, Madison City Ala., 45 Slaves, Page 258B, RICE, John, Mary P. Rice in trust for, 94 Slaves, Page 247, TOURISEM?, Brice? Clarke County, Alabama. who were enumerated with the same surname. When you find a useful new resource, go to the right Linkpendium page and click [13][10] Cotton made up over half of US exports at the time, and southern plantations produced three-fourths of the global cotton supply.[14]. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Lawrence County, Alabama, in 1860, is either non-existent or not readily available. Alabama was admitted as the 22nd state on December 14, 1819. Slavery Records Slavery News Obituary of NANCY, a slave (1859) HOME Genealogy Trails 2023 2023 Besides the various slave narratives . When news of emancipation reached this group in 1865, the first thing they wanted to do was to go back home, Diouf says. When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the state's 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. Rebuffed by Meaher, the group resolved to work hard and save money in order to buy some land from him, which they did (Lewis noted dryly to Hurston that Meaher didnt even take off one five cent from de price for us.) With this and other land they purchased, they built a community called African Town. Slavery had been theoretically abolished by President Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation which proclaimed, in 1863, that only slaves located in territories that were in rebellion from the United States were free. There are several plantation homes in Alabama that have survived for nearly 200 years and Ive listed 10 of them below. Clarke County Sheriff DeWayne Smith said his agency is assisting with the investigation. 1870, so that could be where some of these Alabama freed slaves went. supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of such age Common acts of daily resistance included faking illness, breaking tools, and. enumerated by County in 1860 and included 393,975 named persons holding 3,950,546 unnamed When the Civil war began, the town of Huntsville had 1,980 white residents and almost an equal number of Black residents: 1,654 slaves and 85 free. [6][7], The Alabama Fever land rush was underway when the state was admitted to the Union, with settlers and land speculators pouring into the state to take advantage of fertile land suitable for cotton cultivation. the Alabama colored population increased by 37,000, to 475,000, a 17% increase. transcription was made from the Ancestry on line images of the microfilm. been counted in each County. United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, 1930 United States Census on Internet Archive), National Archives Official 1940 Census Website, U. S. National Archives & Records Administration). Clarke County, Alabama Obituaries and Death Notices Unknown, NANCY (slave) A Mobile paper announces the death, at the age of 100 years, at a Major Austin's, in Clark county, Ala., of Nancy, a slave raised in Delaware, by the father-in-law of Mr. Curtis, step-son of Gen. Washington, who waited upon her young mistress when married. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Marengo County, Alabama (NARA microfilm series M653, Roll 31) reportedly includes a total of 24,409 slaves, which ranks as the second highest total in the State and the fifth highest in the U.S. in 1860. Indexed data and browse are available for the following: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland . If an African American ancestor with one of these surnames is The 13th Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery, was ratified in 1865. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. Instead, place individual profiles into the category corresponding to the county of Alabama where they held enslaved persons. genealogically-related site on the Internet. Before presuming an African American was a The largest numbers of slaves were held in bondage in counties located in either the Tennessee River Valley or the Black Belt region. SURNAME MATCHES AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS: (exact surname spellings only are reported, no spelling variations or soundex), (SURNAME, # in US, in State, in County, born in State, born and living in State, born in State African American Genealogy records are much more difficult to find due to the scant nature of record keeping for blacks prior to the Civil War. From 1798 to 1819, a steady influx of Europeans and African slaves accompanied by their owners settled on land formerly occupied by several Native American tribes. Thanks from all of us at The African American Heritage Preservation Foundation, Inc. (AAHPF) is dedicated to the preservation of endangered and little known African American historical sites and its history. If found, the Clotilda would be the only ship from the U.S. slave trade ever recovered. But the timeline fits with what we know of the origins of the slave trade. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. Please, add your favorite Website(s) to this page! Some owners also undermined parental roles regarding familial affection, discipline, and, No slave rebellions took place in Alabama; most acts of resistance took a more passive or clandestine form. Dallas, Montgomery the white population of Limestone County had increased almost 8% to 7,774, while the colored This transcription includes 61 slaveholders who held 35 or more slaves in Limestone County, accounting for 3,824 slaves, or about 47% of the County total. Alabama freedpeople welcomed emancipation but endured continuing hardships because of the prevailing and pervasive racial prejudices of the state's white inhabitants. The capture and sale of enslaved Africans Most of the Africans who were enslaved were captured in battles or were kidnapped, though some were sold into slavery for debt or as punishment. Alabama was one of the first seven states to withdraw from the Union prior to the American Civil War . 1850 Slave Schedules Clarke County (Source: Explore Ancestry for free) ($) 1850 Federal Census Clarke County, Alabama (Source: MyHeritage) ($) Alabama State Census, 1820-1866 Clarke County (Source: Explore Ancestry for free) ($) United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850 Clarke County (Source: FamilySearch) United States Census, 1850 Clarke County (Source: FamilySearch) [8] Most Native American tribes were completely removed from the state within a few years of the passage of the Indian Removal Act by Congress in 1830. TERMINOLOGY. Linkpendium's goal is to index every genealogy, geneology, :) family history, and living in County). Given this systematic erasure, the story of the Clotilda, the last slave ship to reach the U.S., occupies a profoundly unique place in the history of the transatlantic slave trade. PLEASE HELP! names to locate ancestors can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Limestone County, Alabama (NARA Clarke County Sherriff Dewayne Smith said a man was found burned in his truck on a small dirt road outside of Lower Peach Tree. He was born and studied medicine in Pennsylvania, but moved to Natchez District, Mississippi Territory in 1808 and became the wealthiest cotton planter and the second-largest slave owner in the United States with over 2,200 slaves. All Rights Reserved. This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. What was the largest plantation in Alabama? . When Alabama seceded from the Union in 1861, the states 435,080 slaves made up 45 percent of the total population. PURPOSE. There were roughly 110 African children, teenagers, and young adults on board the Clotilda when it arrived in Alabama in 1860, just one year before the Civil War. publication of slaveholder names beginning with these largest holders will enable naming of the The Clotildasailed to a West African port now located in the country of Benin. You are the visitor to this page. Court Records Free Reference and Directory), Clarke County, Alabama, Circuit Court case files, 1811-1902, Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870), United States Census (Slave Schedule), 1850, Alabama Wills and Probate Records, 1753-1999, Clarke County, Alabama, estate case files, 1810-1915, Histopolis Collaborative Genealogy & History), Cyndi's List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet), Bureau of Land Management, General Land Office), U.S. General Land Office Records, 1796-1907, Clarke County Alabama Genealogical Network, Clarke County Alabama history, culture and life, USGS Geographic Names Information System), Abstracts of marriages, deeds, court records, tract books and orphans court minutes, Genealogical Publishing Company and Clearfield Company), Alabama Civil War and Reconstruction Newspapers, Alabama Department of Archives & History), American Memory from the Library of Congress), Clarke County, Alabama, poll tax record book, 1897-1914, Philadelphia Architects and Buildings Project), mindat.org - the mineral and locality database). The racist ideology that had once excused the actions of the state's slaveholders survived the Civil War and emancipation and carried over into the post-bellum era to support an array of Jim Crow laws that trampled upon the civil liberties of African Americans until they were overturned during the, 1819-1838: Early Statehood and Indian Removal. Such incidents were exceptional, however. The schooner Clotilda smuggled African captives into the U.S. in 1860, more than 50 years after importing slaves was outlawed. We have modeled this center much like we have for Native Americans, whose research can also be hampered by the available records. The first county seat was Clarkesville, founded in 1820. Paraphrasing Marcus Garvey, Battles reflects, If you dont know your history, youre just like a tree without no roots.. County population included 7,215 whites, 6 free colored and 8,085 slaves. By the 1870 census, Hancock County, which was in existence for a very short time should be categorized under Winston County. FORMAT. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have population decreased about 10% to 7,253. Most of the settlers came from the nearby states of North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia, attracted by the prospect of fertile land for cotton in the Tennessee Valley and Black Belt region. The average slave sold for a few hundred dollars, whereas men between the ages of 17 and 35 who could work in the fields often sold for more than a $1,000. numbered pages were reported as in Division 2. indexes almost always do not include the slave census. Name index and images of slave schedules listing slave owners and only age, gender and color data of the slaves in cesus states or territories in 1850. Formation of the State. used are the rubber stamped numbers in the upper right corner of every set of two pages, with the Contract labor systems were put into place in southern states that forced freed blacks to work in jobs that they could not legally quit, left them permanently in debt, and which often involved violent physical punishment by white property owners. 2009. holders of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. (As a side note, by 1960, 100 years later, the County Slaves occasionally physically attacked their owners or overseers. I tookee good keer my slaves and derefo I doan owe dem nothin.. Alabama became a part of the Mississippi Territory in 1798 after Indian cessions in north Alabama. Some of these former slaves may have January 19, 2022 by Donna R Causey. After 148 years, Mississippi finally ratifies 13th Amendment, which banned slavery. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. slaveholders with 1870 African Americans is intended merely as suggesting another possibility for 1860 slave census schedule from Monroe County, Alabama. See the Heritage Exchange Portal for more information on how to document slaves and slave owners. wikimedia commons. Linkpendium! family tree, surname, vital records, biography, or otherwise Categories: Alabama, Slave Owners | Clarke County, Alabama, Slavery. Many more slaves were brought to Alabama by slave traders, such as those operating in Mobile and Montgomery, where the state's largest slave auction houses were located. Punishment was often meted out in response to disobedience or perceived infractions, but sometimes abuse was performed to re-assert the dominance of the master (or overseer) over the slave. Categories: Alabama History | United States of America, Slavery | Alabama. 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