During the 1850s, several of Dumas's plays were staged in London including Mademoiselle de Belle Isle (July 1851) and Les Demoiselles de St. Cyr (May . Dumas was malnourished and kept incommunicado for two years. Translated into English, it was released in 2006 as The Last Cavalier, and has been translated into other languages. "[77], Following the destruction of the French armada by a British fleet led by Horatio Nelson, however, Dumas was unable to get out of Egypt until March 1799. According to his son's memoir, the marriage precipitated a "cooling off" which led the father to tighten Dumas's allowance. See also: The Count of Monte Cristo. Dumas described a fictional character killing Lord Nelson (Nelson was shot and killed by an unknown sniper). By the time of his release, he was partially paralyzed, almost blind in one eye, had been deaf in one ear but recovered; his physique was broken. [56], Soon after, Dumas decided to join the French Army, a common occupation for gentlemen. Under General Massna in February 1797, Dumas helped French troops push the Austrians northward, capturing thousands. [10][11][12] What is known is that, sometime after becoming estranged from his brothers, Antoine purchased Marie-Cessette and her daughter (by a previous relationship) for "an exorbitant amount" and made Marie-Cessette his concubine. [13] The Davy de la Pailleteries were provincial Norman aristocrats whose wealth was in decline. [64] In this brief assignment (SeptemberDecember 1793), Dumas's headquarters were in Bayonne, France, where he was apparently nicknamed "Mr. Alexandre Dumas was a descendant of a nobleman and the son of a general (Benton), and continued his family legacy by writing about 300 fiction and non-fiction books, plus creating six different periodicals (Benton). In about 1859, he moved to Russia, where French was the second language of the elite and his writings were enormously popular. Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo contains several references to hashish. Report by Dumas's aide-de-camp Dermoncourt, quoted in Alexandre Dumas. In the 1840s, he founded the Thtre Historique, located on the Boulevard du Temple in Paris. Because of strong family ties and continued togetherness, generosity has always been part of them. His son, Alexandre Dumas Fils, became, like his father, an author and dramatist, yet was a moralist who never accepted his father's lifestyle. On the march from Alexandria to Cairo, he clashed verbally with the Expedition's supreme commander Napoleon Bonaparte, under whom he had served in the Italian campaigns. [76] Napoleon was reported to have said: "I can easily replace him with a brigadier. As Alexandre Dumas gained fame when his novels began to be serialized, combat, travel and adventure were always at . [58] He signed up for the 6th Regiment of the Queen's Dragoons as "Alexandre Dumas" on 2 June 1786;[59][44] thirteen days later, his father died. Dumas said: My father was a mulatto, my grandfather was a Negro, and my great-grandfather a monkey. [17] They resided together at a plantation called La Guinaude[17] (Guinode[23]), near Jrmie (formerly in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, now Haiti) until shortly before Antoine's departure in 1775. It was not until the late twentieth century that his role was fully understood. Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, born 1714, was the oldest of three sons of the Marquis Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie (1674-25th December 1758) and Jeanne-Franoise Paultre, (or Pautre) de Dominon (died 1757). Two years later, faced with financial difficulties, he sold the entire property. Among his affairs, in 1866, Dumas had one with Adah Isaacs Menken, an American actress who was less than half his age and at the height of her career. In March 1799, Dumas left Egypt on an unsound vessel, which was forced to run aground in the southern Italian Kingdom of Naples, where he was taken prisoner and thrown into a dungeon. The son's most famous literary characters were inspired by his father.[8]. Changing literary fashions decreased his popularity. [51], From his arrival in France until Autumn 1778, Alexandre (named Thomas Retor) first lived with his father at the Davy de la Pailleterie family estate in Belleville-en-Caux, Normandy. Please try again. General Alexandre Dumas to First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, 29 September 1801, cited in Alexandre Dumas. It took him years to research it, edit the completed portions, and decide how to treat the unfinished part. His writing earned him a great deal of money, but he was frequently insolvent, as he spent lavishly on women and sumptuous living. The story of his life should become the blueprint for his son's most famous novels ' T he Count of Monte Christo ' and ' The Three . [38], Alexandre Dumas and Adah Isaacs Menken, 1866, This article is about the writer. The Dove - the sequel to Richelieu and His Rivals, This page was last edited on 10 January 2023, at 17:28. At his death in December 1870, Dumas was buried at his birthplace of Villers-Cotterts in the department of Aisne. GENEALOGY SERVICES. His death was overshadowed by the Franco-Prussian War. S. Rethor, Jeannette es Marie Rose, Creoles, filles de lad. Until the mid-1830s, life in France remained unsettled, with sporadic riots by disgruntled Republicans and impoverished urban workers seeking change. He published travel books about Russia. Apic/Getty Images. 1891, "L'association des Amis du Gnral Alexandre Dumas", "Lavish reburial for Three Musketeers author", "Alexandre Dumas novels penned by 'fourth musketeer' ghost writer", "Claude Schopp: The man who gave Dumas 40 mistresses", Chteau de Monte-Cristo Museum Opening Hours, "Discours prononc lors du transfert des cendres d'Alexandre Dumas au Panthon", "Paris Monuments Panthon-Close up picture of the interior of the crypt of Victor Hugo (left) Alexandre Dumas (middle) mile Zola (right)", "Banche dati, Open Archives, Libri elettronici", 1866 Caricature of Alexandre Dumas by Andr Gill, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexandre_Dumas&oldid=1132801642. Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870), Novelist. Family : Change in family responsibilities 27 July 1824 (Illegitimate son Alexandre born) . [57]) According to the novelist Dumas's account, on hearing of Alexandre's plan, his father insisted that his son take a "nom de guerre" in order that he not drag the noble name "through the lowest ranks of the army". [18]) In 1846, he had built a country house outside Paris at Le Port-Marly, the large Chteau de Monte-Cristo, with an additional building for his writing studio. He traced his ancestry from a minor, impoverished noble French family, yet was also of mixed race - his father's mother was either a Creole or of direct African ancestry; no one knows which. An error has occured while loading the map. While camped in Damanhour, General Dumas met with several other generals (Lannes, Desaix, and Murat). Labouret), July 24 1802 - Villers-Cotterts, Aisne, Picardie, France, Dec 5 1870 - Puys, Seine-Maritime, Haute-Normandie, France, Thomas-alexandre Dumas, Marie-louise lisabeth Dumas (geb. In October, he was important in putting down an anti-French revolt in Cairo by charging into the Al-Azhar Mosque on horseback. [37] The purpose in creating this society was to preserve the Chteau de Monte-Cristo, where the society is currently located. Produced at the Comdie-Franaise and starring the famous Mademoiselle Mars, Dumas's play was an enormous success and launched him on his career. ex-partner Alexandre Dumas, fils son Belle Kreilssamner ex-partner Marie-Alexandrine Dumas daughter Emlie Cordier ex-partner Micalla Cllie Josepha lisa. He was born into slavery because of his mother's status, but his father took him to France in 1776 and had him educated. His Henri III et sa cour (1829) was the first of the great Romantic historical dramas produced on the Paris stage, preceding Victor Hugo's more famous Hernani (1830). Dumas made few political statements, but those he made suggest deeply felt republican beliefs. His father, General Thomas-Alexandre Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, was born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti) to Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, a French nobleman, and Marie-Cessette Dumas, an African slave. [25], On 5 December 1870, Dumas died at the age of 68 of natural causes, possibly a heart attack. He believed his illnesses were caused by poisoning. Seeing "him ride his horse over the trenches, going to ransom the prisoners, all of them believed that he was the leader of the Expedition. In Paris, she had a sold-out run of Les Pirates de la Savanne and was at the peak of her success. In 1784, at age 22, Alexandre moved to an apartment on Rue Etienne, near the Louvre Palace in Paris, socializing at venues such as the Palais-Royal and Nicolet's Theater. Dumas . He died in the Seine-Maritime region of Normandy in northern France on December 5, 1870. He who has felt the deepest grief is best able to experience supreme happiness. For this the French began referring to him as "the Horatius Cocles of the Tyrol" (after a hero who saved ancient Rome). "Dumas" means "of the farm" (du mas), perhaps signifying only that Marie-Cessette belonged to the farm property.[14]. According to biographer Tom Reiss, the name Retor was "picked up from a neighbor in Jrmie (where the name can be found on official records of the period)". The Black Tulip. What makes you a man is what you do when that storm comes.from The Count of Monte Cristo. Troops killed between 12 and 50 people when a large crowd gathered to sign a petition calling for the French King's removal. 6. [53] From 1777 to 1786, from age 15 to 24, thanks to his father's wealth and generosity, Dumas lived a life of considerable leisure. A genealogical family tree and bibliography is Found in: Moorland-Spingarn Research Center. Alexandre Dumas - Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie, cunoscut i ca (Alexandre Dumas pre) Alexandre Dumas tatl, (n. 24 iulie 1802, Villers-Cotterts, Picardia, Frana - d. 5 decembrie 1870, Puys (d), Neuville-ls-Dieppe (d), Normandia Superioar, Frana) a fost un autor de romane istorice de aventuri, prin care a devenit cel mai popular scriitor francez din lume. Dumas frequently commanded the legion, as Saint-Georges was often absent. He used the name "Retor" (sometimes spelled Rethor) during and for some years after the period in which his father sold him and then re-purchased him (17751776). He is the author of La Dame aux Camlias, or The Lady of the Camellias. [18] Antoine made a living in Jrmie, Saint-Domingue as a coffee and cacao planter, under the assumed name of "Antoine de l'Isle". Thomas-Alexandre Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (French:[tm alksd dym davi d la pajt()i]; known as Alexandre Dumas; 25 March 1762 26 February 1806) was a Creole general, from the French colony of Saint-Domingue, in Revolutionary France. Early on in the captivity, Cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo tried to trade Dumas for a Corsican adventurer named Boccheciampe, an imposter posing as Prince Francis, son of Ferdinand IV, in order to aid the Holy Faith movement. [47], The enlistment roll-book for the 6th Regiment of the Queen's Dragoons, which Dumas joined in 1786, described him as "6 feet tall, with frizzy black hair and eyebrows oval face, and brown skinned, small mouth, thick lips". He was one of 10,000 men under the command of the General Biron. [27] Reed wrote the most comprehensive bibliography of Dumas.[28][29]. Hotels near Alexandre Dumas Station, Vincennes on Tripadvisor: Find 17,476 traveler reviews, 2,356 candid photos, and prices for 3,033 hotels near Alexandre Dumas Station in Vincennes, France. The French were thereby able to maintain the siege until French reinforcements could arrive, leading to the city's capitulation on 2 February 1797. [83] She stayed in Villers-Cotterts with her family during his military campaigns. Alexandre Dumas & Adah Isaacs Menken by Gallica - WikiCommons. He was successful in getting more money, but not a by-line.[16][17]. Jerome (Jeremiah) Dumas, a Huguenot, arrived in James Town, Virginia July 20, 1700 and his descendants are numbered in the thousands. Husband of Henriette Marie Ccile (Regnier de La Briere) Dumas married 26 Jun 1895 in Paris XVII, Paris, Seine, France Descendants Father of Marie-Alexandrine-Henriette Dumas and Marie Olga Jeanne (Dumas) Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie Died 27 Nov 1895 at age 71 in Marly-le-Roi, Seine-et-Oise, France Dumas's name is inscribed on the south wall of the Arc de Triomphe. Aboard the Guillaume Tell, in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, Dumas learned that he had been appointed as commander of all cavalry in the Army of the Orient. [19][20] Returning to Paris in 1864, he published travel books about Italy. [23] Her grandson's memoir gave her name as Louise,[25] and another source recorded Ccile. After King Louis-Philippe was ousted in a revolt, Louis-Napolon Bonaparte was elected president. The writer died at the age of 68 on December 7, 1870, in Dieppe, Seine-Maritime, French Third Republic. He joined an enormous French armada in preparation for departure to a secret destination. Schopp combined them to publish the sequel Le Salut de l'Empire in 2008.[18]. (Some historians argue that this island inspired Alexandre Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo. During his imprisonment, he was aided by a secret local pro-French group, which brought him medicine and a book of remedies. A 1781 rule enabled men who could show four generations of nobility on their father's side to qualify to be commissioned as officers. Author Dumas was born on 24th July 1802 in Villers-Cotterets, France as Dumas Davy de Pailleterie. The story was later adapted into Giuseppe Verdi's 1853 opera La traviata and English stage and film productions called titled " Camille ". Ex-partner of Marie Laure Catherine Labay; Belle Kreilssamner; Emlie Cordier; Anne Baur; Mlanie Waldor and 1 other; and Louise Brzette less Serving in the French Army, Dumas became an ally of the Assassin . O n June 25, 1847, Three Musketeers author Alexandre Dumas unveiled one of the greatest architectural follies of his timea miniature Renaissance chteau and a Gothic house surrounding by . He was a son to father, Thomas-Alexandre Dumas who was a French Army General who fought in the French Revolutionary Wars, and to mother, Marie-Louise . Dumas was the Father of the famous French author Alexandre Dumas [ 5] and the first black General in the French army. [31][32] Chirac noted that although France has produced many great writers, none has been so widely read as Dumas. The Black Tulip, written by Alexandre Dumas pre and published in 1850, is a historical novel placed in the time of Tulipmania in the Netherlands. It had fifty performances over the next year, extraordinary at the time. Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (later known as Alexandre Dumas) was born in 1802 in Villers-Cotterts in the department of Aisne, in Picardy, France. Translation: "Considering the obligations contracted above by the said Mr. Rethor and following the present transaction the Lady Marquise de la Pailleterie has by the present yielded and carried to the said Mr. Rethor, thus accepting, all the property right that she has and has the power to have over Marie Cezette negress mother of the said Mr. Rethor, Jeannette and Marie Rose, Creoles, daughters of the said Cezette and sisters of the said Mr. Rethor and over their children, whether they were born or will be born, agreeing that he exercise these rights and benefits from them and dispose in full property and As Things that bring her by the Means of the present document the Lady de la Pailleterie relinquishing, to his profit, of all the ownership rights that she used to have on the said negresses named before and their Children []. His father, Antoine Davy, was the youngest offspring of a lesser noble family that owned a chateau at Bielleville-en-Caux , a pretty village near Bolbec in the Haute Normandie, France. [86] He died of stomach cancer[87] on 26 February 1806 in Villers-Cotterts,[88] when his son Alexandre was three years and seven months old. Marie-Louise Labouret-Dumas to Madame Carmin, 4 December 1806, Muse Alexandre Dumas (Villers-Cotterts, France). Marie-Cessette Dumas, described as a "great matriarch to a saga of distinguished men",[22] was an enslaved woman and concubine of African descent owned by the Marquis Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie. [5] in 1797. Marie-Alexandrine Dumas (18311878), daughter of Belle Krelsamer (18031875), an actress. [26] Sources have spelling variations of her name, as standardization was not common. The writer whose birth name was Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie was born on July 24, 1802. . Thomas-Alexandre had been born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti), the mixed-race, natural son of the marquis Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie (Antoine), a French nobleman and gnral commissaire in the artillery of the colony, and Marie-Cessette Dumas, an enslaved woman of Afro-Caribbean ancestry. [69] One historian, despite or because of his pro-royalist sentiments, characterised Dumas in this command as "fearless and irreproachable", a leader who "deserves to pass into posterity and makes a favorable contrast with the executioners, his contemporaries, whom public indignation will always nail to the pillory of History! [10], Dumas spent his first years in the Queen's Dragoons in the provincial town of Laon, Picardy, close to the border with the Austrian Netherlands. Sources HELP. During the battles in Italy, Austrian troops nicknamed Dumas the Schwarzer Teufel ("Black Devil", Diable Noir in French). The most famous Dumas, Alexandre Dumas, pre had three illegimate children, one of whom is Alexandre Dumas, fils, born to Marie-Laure-Catherine Labay, a dressmaker. Dumas`s father died in 1806 and the family was left without means of livelihood. Antoine however retained ownership of Thomas-Alexandre (his only natural son) and took the boy with him to France. Discover Alexandre Dumas's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. His descendants are largely in southern States. Despite his aristocratic background and personal success, the writer had to deal with a great deal of racial discrimination, related to his mixed-race ancestry. Dumas was born in Paris, France, the illegitimate child of Marie-Laure-Catherine Labay (1794-1868), a dressmaker, and novelist Alexandre Dumas. [16] Dumas wrote the short novel Georges (1843), which uses ideas and plots later repeated in The Count of Monte Cristo. Marriage contract between Marie Retou and Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, 13 February 1786, privately held by Gilles Henry. USE OF ." Publication place: Boston, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, United States Publication date: Oct 7 1950 His notary said that the boy "cost him enormously". His novels have been translated into nearly 100 languages. [19]) Charles died of gout in 1773;[20] Louis, the youngest of the Davy de la Pailleterie brothers, died three months later. In June 2005, Dumas's last novel, The Knight of Sainte-Hermine, was published in France featuring the Battle of Trafalgar. Registry of the Dragoons in the Regiment of the Queen, Dumas entry, 2 June 1786, privately held by Gilles Henry. He lived with them and worked at the plantation until 1748. He was the first person of color in the French military to become brigadier general, divisional general, and general-in-chief of a French army. General Alexandre Dumas to First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte, 17 October 1803, and Marie-Louise Labouret-Dumas to the minister of war, 2 October 1814, both in Service historique de la Dfense (Vincennes, France), 7YD91. [44] (It was known in his platoon that this was "not his real name". Showing 1-30 of 2,025 "There is neither happiness nor misery in the world; there is only the comparison of one state with another, nothing more. Dumas was subsequently omitted from mention in Napoleon's battle report to the Directory, France's government at the time. Though married, in the tradition of Frenchmen of higher social class, Dumas had numerous affairs (allegedly as many as 40). Schopp finally wrote the final two-and-a-half chapters, based on the author's notes, to complete the story. He joined the French Army as a private and rose to the rank of a General during the French Revolution. Dumas refers to Grisier with great respect in The Count of Monte Cristo, The Corsican Brothers, and in his memoirs. The unabridged versions (normally 100 chapters or more) comprise only five books (numbers 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8); the short versions (50 chapters or less) number eight in total: Although best known now as a novelist, Dumas first earned fame as a dramatist. This is probably my least favorite fact about Dumas, but it needs to be mentioned. On 28 August 2020, Google celebrated Dumas with a Google Doodle. Entering the military in 1786 as a private at age 24, he commanded 53,000 troops as the General-in-Chief of the French Army of the Alps by age 31. Traditionally, the so-called "Valois Romances" are the three that portray the Reign of Queen Marguerite, the last of the Valois. He wrote journal articles on politics and culture and books on French history. Decades later, after the election of Louis-Napolon Bonaparte in 1851, Dumas fell from favour and left France for Belgium, where he stayed for several years, then moved to Russia for a few years before going to Italy. Author unknown, Le gnral Alexandre Dumas, homme de couleur, n.d. [1797], Bibliothque nationale de France, NAF 24641, quoted by Reiss (2012). Alexandre Dumas is a celebrated French author best known for his historical adventure novels, including "The Three Musketeers" and "The Count of Monte Cristo".. Napoleon's forces, under the command of Dumas's fellow general Joachim Murat, eventually defeated Ferdinand IV's army and secured Dumas's release in March 1801.[81]. [39], Two other documents attest that Marie-Cessette was alive after 1772: a letter recounting her sale in 1775[17] and an 1801 document signed by Dumas, saying that "Marie-Cezette" will be in charge of General Dumas's properties in Saint-Domingue. 1716, d. 1773) (married 1738 to Anne-Marie Tuff), and Louis Franois Thrse (Louis) (b. It is this line of origin that made him to easily be associated with blacks wherever he went either as a fugitive or to market his works. "[70], In September 1795 Dumas served under General Jean-Baptiste Klber in the Army of the Rhine. droits es en jouisse fasse es dispose en toute proprit es Comme de Choses lui appartenant au Moyen des presentes, mad. Flush with cash from the sale of his family estate, Davy de la Pailleterie for many years spent lavishly on Dumas. Father of the Rhine Found in: Moorland-Spingarn research Center memoir gave her name as Louise, [ 25 and. To join the French King 's removal join the French King 's.. 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